Perhaps you’ve heard of the widow who put her last two copper coins into the offering box. It was all she had to live on, and Jesus praises her for her faith, trusting God to provide despite her poverty. It’s a lovely story, which tells us that we, too, should be more generous. If we give all we have (or at least a little more than we’re comfortable giving), God will surely bless us as he did that sweet woman. Right? Wrong.
Context matters. If we learn to read the Bible for what it is—and not as a collection of independently assembled inspirational stories—we’ll discover that some of our most familiar passages don’t actually mean what we’ve always assumed.
The Section’s Context
In Mark’s gospel, the story of the widow’s mite (Mark 12:41-44) occurs at the climax of the most significant set of controversies in the book. Ever since Jesus rode into Jerusalem (Mark 11:1-10), he’s had his sights set on the temple and what takes place there. He inspects (Mark 11:11). He finds no fruit on a fig tree (Mark 11:12-14, 20-25), which Mark uses as a sandwich-symbol of the corrupt temple system (Mark 11:15-19). The chief priests, scribes, and elders refuse to reckon with Jesus’ authority, which is closely connected with John’s (Mark 11:27-33). Jesus then recounts the story of Israel (Mark 12:1-11, cf. Isaiah 5:1-7), a vineyard that continues to produce no fruit—not merely from arboreal illness but on account of a hostile takeover. And the hostile takers-over know exactly how Jesus has now called them out (Mark 12:12).
Now enters the steady stream of assaults from the insurrectionists attempting to discredit their prosecutor. Pharisees with Herodians (Mark 12:13-17) and Sadducees (Mark 12:18-27) all take their cheap shots, which ricochet right back on their own heads. An onlooking scribe speaks up (Mark 12:28-33) and receives remarkably high praise from Jesus in this arena: “You are not far from the kingdom of God” (Mark 12:34).
Then Jesus puts his finishing move on his contenders. The most critical question must focus on the identity of the Messiah. Nobody answers, but the crowds go wild (Mark 12:35-37).
Notice how we can’t read each of these episodes in isolation from the others. Mark is telling a story, building a case, and making a point. Like the angelic incursion into Sodom, searching for evidence of righteous people (Gen 18:20-21), Jesus’ inspection of his Father’s vineyard seeks evidence of holy fruit, yet without finding any. That’s the main point of the entire section of Mark 11 and 12.
The Immediately Preceding Context
Jesus is almost ready to pronounce sentence. But first, he has a cautionary word for the courtroom. He doesn’t want them to miss what’s about to take place; their lives may depend upon learning from the poor example of others.
And in his teaching he said, “Beware of the scribes, who like to walk around in long robes and like greetings in the marketplaces and have the best seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at feasts, who devour widows’ houses and for a pretense make long prayers. They will receive the greater condemnation.” (Mark 12:38-40)
Instead of caring for God’s vineyard (the people of Israel), they have treated it as their own. Instead of cultivating it to bear fruit for the Lord, they have commandeered its resources for themselves. Instead of leading people to recognize the Son for who he is, they have seized all the goods for the sake of their own public expressions of pomp.
They take the best for themselves. They live for honor. Their prayers are not genuine. And they have devoured widow’s houses. For these reasons, their condemnation will be far greater than that which they’ve extended to others.
Still not convinced of Jesus’ perspective? Time to prove his last set of charges.
Karthikeyan (2017), Creative Commons
Our Passage
So Jesus makes a calculated move: He plants himself within line of sight of the offering box. He sits there for a time, watching and waiting (Mark 12:41). He watches the wealthy do their thing until that poor widow comes along with her two copper coins.
Read this in light of what’s come before, and you can’t escape a clear conclusion. The point is not so much that she put in both of her only remaining coins. The point is that she had been devoured to the point of having only two copper coins (Mark 12:42)!
Here now is evidence of the fruit Jesus has been looking for. Evidence of faith in Yahweh, maker of heaven and earth. Evidence of justice, compassion, and love for God and neighbor (Mark 12:29-31). Evidence of hope outside of oneself, longing for the rescue that comes only from the promised Messiah.
Jesus must ensure his disciples get a load of this. Because of these things, the widow “put in more than all those who are contributing to the offering box” (Mark 12:43). This dear woman has been supporting this temple and its corrupt system with her perseverance in true faith, despite having been ravaged by that very system. But now she’s put in “all she had to live on” (Mark 12:44). Time is up. There is no more support for this corruption and defilement.
The Succeeding Context
So Jesus is finally ready to pronounce sentence.
Do you see these great buildings? There will not be left here one stone upon another that will not be thrown down. (Mark 13:2)
Mark does not intend this widow to be an example of more generous giving. He intends her to be the final proof that the old wine must go so the new wine can come in (Mark 2:22). It’s time to wipe out the wicked tenants so sons and daughters can finally enjoy the fruit of God’s vineyard.
Thanks to this poor widow, most of you reading this have been brought near through the blood of Christ. Your church is probably not exclusive to Jews. You have a seat at the table, a place to call your own, a Father who dotes over you.
The larger context of Luke 20:45-21:6 nuances this sequence a little differently, but Luke uses the widow to make the same fundamental point. Please don’t miss it, just because the widow gets a large black number (a chapter division) at the front of her scene.
Context matters.
For more examples of why context matters, click here.
