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You are here: Home / Archives for Wittgenstein

Cosas para observar: Gramática

March 31, 2026 By Peter Krol

This is a Spanish translation of a post from our archive. For the original post in English, please click the “Publicación original” link at the top of the post. For further explanation of why we’re posting articles in Spanish for a season, see this announcement.

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Publicación original de Peter Krol, traducida por Sarah Oiler

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El filósofo Wittgenstein escribió: “Como todo lo metafísico, la armonía entre el pensamiento y la realidad se encuentra en la gramática del idioma.” Mi profesor de inglés de la secundaria diría que iba por buen camino.

Sin la gramática, sería difícil comunicarse. Por ejemplo, no tendrías los verbos. Solamente sujetos. Todo el tiempo. Sin acción. Quizás objetos. Frases breves. Mucha confusión. Histeria colectiva. Necesidad de claridad. Poco hablando. Ay, no podía hacerlo.

Después de observar las palabras de un texto bíblico, puedes seguir observando cómo el autor las ordena en frases. Eso significa que observamos la gramática.

La palabra “gramática” puede dar miedo. Puede hacernos pensar en los años que solían llamarse “los buenos tiempos” de la preadolescencia, evocando recuerdos de las espinillas, los bravucones y la presión parental. Sin embargo, estoy aquí para decirte que la gramática puede ser divertida. La gramática puede ser emocionante. De hecho, la gramática puede ser la puerta a la observación provechosa de la Biblia.

Usemos Lucas 2:1-21, NVI como nuestro texto otra vez. Observemos solamente el sujeto y el verbo de cada frase (o sea, miremos un poco de gramática básica). Mira lo que puedes ver:

  • Augusto César decretó
  • se levantara un censo
  • Este primer censo se efectuó
  • iban todos a inscribirse
  • José…subió
  • Fue a Belén
  • se le cumplió el tiempo
  • dio a luz…lo envolvió…y lo acostó
  • había unos pastores
  • un ángel del Señor se les apareció
  • la gloria del Señor los envolvió
  • se llenaron de temor
  • el ángel dijo
    • No tengan miedo
    • Miren
    • ha nacido 
    • que es Cristo
    • esto les servirá de señal: Encontrarán
  • apareció…una multitud de ángeles del cielo
  • los pastores se dijeron
    • Vamos a Belén…a ver
  • fueron de prisa y encontraron
  • contaron 
  • se asombraron
  • María…guardaba todas estas cosas
  • los pastores regresaron
  • todo sucedió tal como
  • lo llamaron

¿Para qué fue este ejercicio? Simplemente al sacar los detalles y observar la estructura básica de la frase (el sujeto y el verbo), terminamos con un resumen bastante bueno del relato de Lucas 2. Antes de continuar con la interpretación (comprender lo que significa el texto), necesitamos observar lo que dice el texto. Una forma de identificar lo que dice el autor es observar la gramática. Esta habilidad es importante cuando aprendemos cómo estudiar la Biblia.

Observar la gramática no es solamente para el género narrativo, como el relato de Lucas. La gramática también ayuda en otros géneros.

Por ejemplo, mira Filipenses 2:5-11 (NVI). Al reducirlo a la gramática básica, tenemos:

  • La actitud de ustedes debe ser como la de Cristo Jesús
    • Quien no consideró el ser igual a Dios como algo a qué aferrarse
      • Por el contrario, se rebajó
      • Se humilló a sí mismo
    • Por eso Dios lo exaltó

¿Qué quiere Pablo que hagamos aquí? Sé como Jesús. Cuando renunciamos a lo que merecemos (nos rebajamos) y asumimos lo que no merecemos (nos humillamos), no sabemos lo que Dios podría hacer en nuestra comunidad.

Filed Under: Method Tagged With: Grammar, Luke, Observation, Philippians, Spanish, Wittgenstein

What to Observe: Grammar

September 5, 2012 By Peter Krol

The philosopher Wittgenstein wrote, “Like everything metaphysical the harmony between thought and reality is to be found in the grammar of the language.”  My high school English teacher would say he was on to something.

Without grammar, it would be difficult to communicate.  For example, we wouldn’t have verbs.  Just subjects.  All the time.  No action.  Maybe objects.  Short sentences, though.  Loads of confusion.  Mass hysteria.  Need for clarity.  Little talking.  Aw, shoot; I couldn’t do it.

So once you’ve observed the words of a Bible text, you can move on to observing how the author put those words together into sentences.  This means observing the grammar.

“Grammar” can be a scary word, invoking memories of pimples, bullies, and parental pressure as we look back (sometimes unfondly) on what used to be known as “The Wonder Years.”  I’m here to tell you, however, that grammar can be fun.  Grammar can be exciting.  Grammar can, in fact, be the gateway into fruitful observation of the Bible.

Let’s take Luke 2:1-21, NET as our text again.  Let’s observe just the subject and main verb of each sentence (in other words, let’s do some simple grammar).  Look at what you get:

  • A decree went out
  • This was the first
  • Everyone went
  • Joseph also went
  • He went
  • The time came
  • She gave birth…and wrapped…and laid
  • There were shepherds
  • An angel appeared…and the glory shone…and they were
  • The angel said
    • Don’t be afraid
    • Listen
    • Your Savior is born
    • He is Christ
    • This will be a sign: you will find
  • An army appeared
  • The shepherds said
    • Let us go and see
  • They hurried off and located…and found
  • They related
  • All were astonished
  • Mary treasured up
  • The shepherds returned
  • Everything was just
  • He was named

What is the point of this exercise?  Simply that, by stripping away the detail and observing the basic sentence structure (subject and verb), we end up with a pretty good outline of the story in Luke 2.  Before we can move to interpretation (figuring out what the text means), we must observe what it says.  One way to identify what the author says is to observe the grammar.  This skill is important as we learn how to study the Bible.

Observing the grammar isn’t just for narrative, like that in Luke.  It helps in other genres as well.

For example, look at Philippians 2:5-11.  Boiling it down to the basic grammar gives us:

  • You should have the same attitude that Christ Jesus had
    • Who did not regard equality with God as somethingto be grasped
      • but emptied himself…
      • [and] humbled himself…
    • As a result, God exalted him

What does Paul want us to do here?  Be like Jesus.  When we give up what we deserve (empty ourselves) and take on what we don’t deserve (humble ourselves), there’s no telling what God might do in our community.

Filed Under: Method Tagged With: Grammar, Luke, Observation, Philippians, Wittgenstein

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